NATURAL AND SCIENTIFIC CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAIN REGULARITIES IN VISUAL ART AND DESIGN

Abstract

The article examines the formation and development of regularities in visual art and design, which are based on objective factors of the natural world system common to natural and scientific ones. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to consider the natural conditioning of the emergence of regularities in visual art and to determine the leading role of the main graphic and plastic components, means and principles of form formation in the art of design, taking into account the importance of the unifying component and the common origin of two areas of knowledge – natural-scientific and artistic. Methodology. The article uses general logical methods of cognition, namely analysis, synthesis and induction. In this way, it was possible to comprehensively study the subject of research and combine the isolated parts of the problem into a single whole. Results. It was found that as a result of understanding and systematizing the real causes of natural phenomena, natural sciences were born that obey certain laws. The body of knowledge about the nature of physical processes becomes a trigger in the development of regularities in visual art. It becomes obvious that the entire complex of principles and means, rules and laws, together with the practice of using basic graphic and plastic components in design, is harmoniously embedded within certain limits of a particular world system. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this article is that unifying factors in the development of natural and artistic sciences have been investigated, the common origins of regularities and the relationship of natural phenomena, physical laws with means and principles in visual art and design have been considered. The determining importance of the inseparable totality of the natural world system with the establishment and development on this basis of a complete system of means of harmonization and principles of artistic form formation based on graphic and plastic components in visual art and in particular in design has been revealed. Practical relevance. Scientific and technical progress is rapidly moving forward, accordingly, the constant development of modern trends in design does not stop. New discoveries and inventions in various fields of science, made on the basis of the general world order, find their practical application in particular in design, they become a source of inspiration and a tool in the hands of artists. For example, with the emergence of the applied science of bionics, a new style appeared in architecture – bio-tech, which is based on borrowing natural forms and using the properties, principles of organization, functions and structures of living nature in interior design and architecture. Well-established development of natural minerals contributes to the creation of various types of synthetic plastics from coal, oil and natural gas. These discoveries expand the line of the latest construction and decoration materials, which make it possible to implement such projects that previously existed only in the imagination. Thanks to computer programs, the designer received an indispensable tool for the rapid development of a project solution. The improvement of artificial intelligence does not stop, the creation of a biological computer is becoming more real. Our eyes cannot see many things, but, for example, with the help of macro photography, a modern designer discovers a new source of inspiration – a fantastic microworld. Photographs taken in space have broadened the idea of a creative person about the world system, and the world ocean, which has been studied to only five percent, will continue to gradually reveal hitherto unknown forms and functions of the existence of living beings, which will fuel the artist’s creative imagination. Thus, new discoveries in natural science become a source of new ideas in design, they will contribute to further improvement, confirmation and development of artistic principles and means of form formation in design.