AUTHENTICITY OF THE ARTISTIC WORK: BETWEEN THE ORIGINAL AND INTERPRETATION

Abstract

Purpose. The aim of this study is to analyse the transformation of concepts of artistic work authenticity within contemporary culture, as well as to determine the role of the original in the era of simulation and postmodern interpretations. Particular attention is given to the issue of distinguishing the original from its interpretations, as well as to the influence of restoration practices on the preservation of authenticity. Methodology. The methodological framework of the study is based on an interdisciplinary approach, combining methods of art-historical analysis, cultural interpretation, historical-comparative study, and elements of philosophical reflection on the phenomenon of authenticity. The principles of comprehensive art examination were also applied, including analysis of the material, historical, and symbolic characteristics of the object. Results. The study demonstrates that contemporary culture shifts the focus from the material original to the context of its interpretation. Authenticity is no longer considered exclusively a property of the work’s material substance but emerges as a multidimensional category encompassing historical, aesthetic, and cultural aspects. It is shown that processes of simulation and the proliferation of copies complicate the determination of authenticity. Restoration may both preserve and transform authenticity, creating new layers of meaning. The phenomenon of the folk icon is analysed as an example of a specific form of authenticity that combines canonical and popular traditions. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive understanding of authenticity as a dynamic and historically variable category functioning in postmodern culture. Authenticity is proposed to be viewed not only as a feature of the original but as a process of interaction between the work, its history, and its perception. The study also expands the understanding of the museum’s role as an institution that not only preserves but also interprets cultural meanings. Practical relevance. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential application of its findings in museum practice, restoration work, and art-historical research. The proposed approaches may be used to improve museum exhibition policies, develop new strategies for presenting artistic works, and enhance visitors’ understanding of authenticity. The results also contribute to the development of scientific methods for the examination and attribution of artworks.