ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC FEATURES OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT OF THE HISTORIC DISTRICT OF FRYDRYKHIVKA IN LVIV

Abstract

Since the end of the nineteenth century, active construction has taken place on the site of the former city park of Frydrychivka on the outskirts of Lviv. In particular during the interwar period, the development of a new residential district continued in this area. However, to this day, the architecture of Fridrichivka from the late nineteenth to the first half of the twentieth century has not been classified as historical according to the Historical and Architectural Reference Plan (IAOP) of the city of Lviv and remains insufficiently studied by specialists. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to identify the architectural and artistic features, to classify the preserved historical building fabric as well as to assess the state of its preservation on the area bounded by T. Shevchenko Street, the boundary of the Yaniv Cemetery, and the borders of Lychakiv Correctional Colony No. 30 in Lviv. Methodology. The methodological framework of the study is based on general scientific methods at both theoretical and empirical levels, namely: observation, document analysis, analogy, grouping, extrapolation, generalization, induction, deduction, comparison, abstraction, the historical method, and structuring. Results. As a result of the study, a significant number of preserved historical buildings in Frydrychivka were identified and their stylistic attribution was carried out. The following architectural trends were identified: late nineteenth-century historicism, Secession, interwar functionalism of the twentieth century, and historicism of the Soviet period. It was established that the architectural and artistic framework of the historical building fabric is formed primarily by buildings from the functionalist period; based on their stylistic and artistic composition, 8 main types with subtypes were distinguished. Another outcome of the research is a detailed description of the stylistic and artistic composition of each identified historical building in Frydrychivka that is subject to artistic analysis. It was found that, as a result of unauthorized alterations carried out by residents, most historical buildings have largely lost their authentic architectural and artistic character, with the exception of fundamental features such as height, basic plastic articulation, proportions of openings, building footprint, and overall volumetric structure. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that, for the first time, the architectural and artistic features of the preserved historical building fabric of Fridrichivka have been described, structured, and stylistically attributed, and a hypothesis has been proposed regarding the precise location of the Yanivska Rohatka building. Practical relevance. The practical relevance of the article lies in the possibility of applying its results to more in-depth professional local history and art historical studies, the expansion and improvement of the Historical and Architectural Reference Plan of the city of Lviv, the enrichment of reference and popular science materials on Lviv’s architecture, and future restoration work on the identified buildings.