IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MODERN CARTOGRAPHIC FIELD METHODS IN DEFINITION THE PROTECTED BOUNDARIES OF HISTORICAL RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN THE KYIV REGION, USING THE EXAMPLE OF KHODOSIVKA

Abstract

From the time of the Scythians to the Tatar-Mongol invasion (7th-3rd centuries BC - 13th century AD), colossal earthen defensive structures were built in the Kyiv region, requiring enormous amounts of labor – ramparts and fortified settlements. The purpose of some of these structures is still a subject of debate in academic circles. However, it is clear that each of these fruits of the consolidation of the ancient society that lived in this area is an important document of the region’s history, which requires careful study and must be preserved for future generations. Like any artifact of history, ramparts and hillforts are a source of national memory. Unfortunately, the lack of a methodology for determining the protective boundaries (areas) of rural settlements in regulatory acts leads to the gradual destruction of these objects and, along with this, the loss (distortion) of the historically inherited environment of a given settlement. These consequences are mainly caused by uncontrolled agricultural activity, the illegal location of mineral extraction enterprises, and unauthorized construction in these areas. The purpose of this article is to identify effective ways to implement the latest cartographic and field methods for delineating the boundaries of the protected area of historical rural settlements in the Kyiv region. The research methodology consists of analyzing historiographical sources and cartographic materials related to archaeological sites in the rural environment of Khodosivka and linking them to the modern topography of the area using cartographic and field methods, in particular the implementation of a GIS (geographic information system). As a result of the analysis of source materials and cartographic research, the territories of archaeological sites were clarified for the purpose of establishing protected areas in the context of the historically inherited rural environment of Khodosivka, as well as developing a historical and architectural master plan for the village. Scientific novelty: for the first time in Ukrainian historiography, the issue of finding the optimal way to implement cartographic and field methods for delineating the boundaries of the protected area of historical rural settlements, as an understudied category of historical settlements, is raised. The practical relevance of the results obtained is expressed in the applied implementation of geographic information systems in determining the territory of a terrestrial archaeological site as an important factor in the formation of a protected area for historical rural settlements. Thus, the implementation of the latest mapping methods allows not only to distinguish these three groups of relief forms, but also to outline their contours as territories of archaeological sites. The identification and georeferencing of historical and cultural heritage sites will supplement the resource base of the local community for further economic development, provided that the site is properly adapted for its intended use.