THEORETICAL BASES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMOSENSITIVE DETECTING SURFACE IN TECHNICAL DEVICES FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

Abstract

In modern industrialized world with technogenic catastrophes, there is a need to detect harmful chemicals in areas with industrial pollution, appeared due to the destruction of objects causing chemical pollution, in the regions of Chernobyl accident, and etc. As a result, the development of devices and systems (robots, drones, other systems) with detectors registering chemical pollution of the environment become important. The required detector subsystem of such devices contains sensory elements, in which the chemo-sensitive membranes, specific coatings and layers of substances were proposed; that, being in contact with certain chemicals, demonstrate chemo-sensitivity and/or the ability to perform initial identification of these substances. Studies focused on the creation of devices for the detection of various environmental pollutants; they are based on a detailed study of membrane systems simulating the basic physical and chemical properties of artificial and natural membranes, including their selectivity to ions. The publication considers the theoretical basis for the development of such sensors with chemo-sensitive surface. The purpose of the work is to form the theoretical basis for the development of device models for the detection of chemical pollutants of environment, especially those released during fires and other emergencies, in particular, at chemical enterprises, enterprises of oil and gas cycle, etc.