STATE OF SURFACE WATERS IN THE SURFACE WATERS OF THE MOUTHS OF THE SOUTHERN BUG, ​​INGUL RIVERS AND THE UPPER PART OF THE SOUTHERN BUG LIMAN IN PRE-WAR TIMES

Abstract

The fragment examines the current ecological state of surface waters of Ukraine using the example of the Southern Bug and Ingul rivers within the city of Mykolaiv. The main sources of water pollution are analyzed, including industrial and municipal wastewater, agricultural pollution, and the consequences of military operations. A trend towards increasing mineralization and salinity of water is established, which affects the physicochemical composition of the aquatic environment. The results of hydrochemical monitoring for 2016–2021 are presented, which indicate the presence of oil products, phenols, nitrite nitrogen, and other harmful substances in the water. Particular attention is paid to the water area of ​​the seaport of Mykolaiv as an area of ​​increased environmental load. The need for constant monitoring and improvement of environmental protection measures to preserve aquatic ecosystems is emphasized. A conclusion is drawn about the deterioration of the ecological state of the region's water resources under the influence of anthropogenic and technogenic factors.