LANDSCAPE DESIGN OF PARKS ON THE RIGHT BANK OF KYIV: STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT UNDER URBANIZATION TRANSFORMATION

Abstract

The study examines a complex of factors determining the current state and development prospects of landscape design of park territories on the right bank of Kyiv under conditions of intensive urbanization and climate change. Seven groups of impact factors have been systematized: urbanization, socio-cultural, geographical, climatic, architectural-landscape, historical, and regulatory-legal. The dual nature of each factor’s influence has been identified through the analysis of both positive opportunities and negative constraints affecting the transformation of park spaces. It has been established that during 2010–2024 the area of public green spaces on the right bank decreased by 12% due to infill development. Purpose. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the current state of landscape design of park territories on the right bank of Kyiv and substantiation of development prospects under conditions of urban transformation and climate change. Special attention is paid to identifying factors that determine modernization opportunities, functional adaptability, ecological sustainability, and social inclusiveness of park spaces. The study aims to define optimal approaches to balancing the preservation of historical and cultural heritage with the implementation of modern design solutions in urban green areas. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research includes a combination of theoretical and empirical methods, such as analysis of scientific sources, systematization of impact factors, comparative analysis of modern approaches to urban park organization, and classification of functional and spatial characteristics of territories. Methods of generalization, synthesis, and structural analysis were used to identify interrelations between urbanization, climatic, socio-cultural, and architectural-landscape factors influencing park development. The empirical component includes analysis of regulatory documents, statistical data, and the current condition of park territories on the right bank of Kyiv. Results. Seven groups of factors influencing the development of landscape design of park territories were identified: urbanization, socio-cultural, geographical, climatic, architectural-landscape, historical, and regulatory-legal. A 12% reduction in public green space area on the right bank of Kyiv during 2010–2024 was established, primarily due to intensive development. The impact of climate change, including increased average annual temperature, changes in precipitation patterns, and growing anthropogenic pressure, was analyzed. The necessity of transitioning to multifunctional park spaces through the implementation of biophilic design, adaptive solutions, and principles of universal accessibility has been substantiated. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive approach to assessing development factors of landscape design of right-bank Kyiv parks through identifying the duality of their influence – both opportunities and limitations. Conceptual approaches to integrating naturalistic and biophilic design, creating adaptive environments, and modernizing park infrastructure in response to contemporary social demands and climate challenges are proposed. Practical relevance. The practical significance of the research consists in the possibility of applying the obtained results in the design and reconstruction of urban park territories, development of green space management strategies, and implementation of inclusive and environmentally adaptive solutions. The proposed recommendations may be used by local authorities, designers, and urban planners to improve urban environment quality, preserve historical authenticity, and ensure sustainable development of green spaces.