ARCHITECTURAL EVOLUTION AND SOCIO-CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MONUMENTAL CHAPLAINS IN UKRAINE: FROM RENAISSANCE ENSEMBLES TO MODERN MEMORIAL SPACES

Abstract

The article is devoted to the architectural evolution and socio-cultural significance of monumental chapels in Ukraine from the 16th century to the present day, with an emphasis on key examples in Lviv (the chapel of the Three Saints, Campiana, Boymi, Lychakiv cemetery, churches of the 19th–21st centuries), their typological transformations, stylistic features and role in the spiritual and cultural context. The purpose of the study is to investigate the stages of the formation of monumental chapels as sacred structures, to analyze their architectural-spatial, stylistic and semantic characteristics in the historical development of Ukraine, and to determine modern trends in restoration and 3D modeling. Research methodology. A comprehensive approach was used: historical and architectural analysis of archival sources and visual materials, a comparative typology method (from the Renaissance to the modern era), visual and semiotic analysis of specific objects, as well as the study of modern restoration projects (2020–2025). Research results. The evolution of monumental chapels of Ukraine (16th– 21st centuries) was systematized, with a focus on Lviv examples: the Chapel of the Three Saints (1527), Campiana (1584), Boymiv (1609–1615), Lychakiv Cemetery and later churches. Typological transformations from the Renaissance to the modern era, stylistic patterns and socio-cultural role in the context of restoration were identified. Approaches to the preservation of sacred heritage through reconstruction and integration into the modern urban landscape were proposed. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the typology of monumental chapels of Ukraine has been systematized with an emphasis on Lviv examples of the 16th– 21st centuries, the patterns of their evolution in the context of socio-cultural transformations have been identified, and new interpretations of the role of chapels in preserving the sacred tradition through 3D reconstruction and urban integration have been proposed. Practical relevance. The results can be used in the restoration of cultural heritage, the design of modern sacred spaces, educational programs in architectural history, and the preparation of projects for international exhibitions.