Proceedings of the Kyiv Aviation Institute. Series: Philosophy. Cultural

ON THE QUESTION OF ATTENTION IN THE WORKS OF SIMONE WEIL

2026-05-24T15:19:55+03:00

Introduction. The article is dedicated to the analysis of a specific aspect of Simone Weil’s philosophy, -attention, which functions as a mechanism that allows the individual to progress on the path of self-development. Simone Weil is known not only as a religious philosopher but also as a social theorist. The author’s research focuses on analyzing two philosophical texts by S. Weil: «Reflections on the Right Use of School Studies with a View to the Love of God» and «Тhe Notebooks». Specificity of commenting on «Тhe Notebooks» lies in their fragmentary nature and the abundance of allusions and references by the French author to various philosophical traditions and concepts. The aim of the article is to investigate the question of attention in the context of Simone Weil’s philosophy and to elucidate the interconnections between attention, contemplation, vision, and individual force; as well as to reveal the disposition between imagination and reality within the framework of the question of attention. The primary task of the study is to analyze Simone Weil’s works in the context of the question of attention. The research methods: hermeneutic, systemic, philosophical. Research results. It is clarified what place the concept of attention occupies within the framework of Simone Weil's philosophical system, and it is determined which philosophical traditions she combines in the context of her own philosophical reflection. The conclusions emphasize that attentive contemplation is a path for overcoming temporal confinement, informational oversaturation, and the dependence of 21st-century individuals on modern technologies.

DIGITALIZATION IN THE FOCUS OF CONTEMPORARY CULTURE AND ART: A PHILOSOPHICAL AND CULTURAL STUDIES PERSPECTIVE

2026-05-24T16:14:20+03:00

Introduction. The article analyzes the transformation of originality and authorship in art under conditions of digitalization. Particular attention is paid to changes in the ontological status of the artwork in immersive and interactive digital environments. The aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to analyze the transformation of the ontological status of the original artwork, to examine the critical potential of Walter Benjamin’s concept of the “aura” in the context of digital art, and to identify new forms of viewer-artwork interaction in immersive digital environments. Research methods. The research methodology combines hermeneutic analysis, comparative method, and case study analysis based on the TeamLab Borderless museum (Japan). The theoretical framework includes Walter Benjamin’s concept of the “aura,” Jean Baudrillard’s theory of simulacra, and Paul Virilio’s analysis of the crisis of perception. Research results. The study demonstrates that under conditions of digital reproduction the value of an artwork shifts from the uniqueness of the physical object to the uniqueness of the concept and interaction process. In immersive digital art, the viewer becomes a participant in the artistic event rather than a passive observer. The analysis of TeamLab Borderless confirms that each interaction with a digital installation acquires a unique processual character, even when the technical basis of the artwork remains unchanged. At the same time, digital artworks reveal ontological vulnerability because their existence depends entirely on technological infrastructure. Discussion. The obtained results make it possible to reconsider Benjamin’s concept of the “aura” in the context of digital culture. Unlike approaches that interpret digital reproduction exclusively as the loss of authenticity, the study argues that uniqueness increasingly manifests itself through interactive and processual forms of artistic experience. These conclusions partly confirm and extend Baudrillard’s interpretation of simulation in contemporary culture. Conclusions. Contemporary digital art transforms traditional concepts of originality, authorship, and artistic presence. In immersive environments, the uniqueness of the artwork is increasingly connected not with material singularity but with the unrepeatable character of interaction. This creates the need for new philosophical and cultural criteria capable of distinguishing artistic communication from simulacral forms of digital reproduction.

IDEOLOGICAL BASIS OF MODERN PUBLIC ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENTS: PHILOSOPHICAL DIMENSION

2026-05-24T18:01:14+03:00

Introduction. The global ecological crisis requires not only technical and economic solutions but also a profound transformation of worldview, values, and ethical orientations. Public environmental movements play an important role in this process by shaping new models of human–nature interaction. Their ideological foundations are increasingly connected with philosophical concepts that define value orientations, ecological consciousness, and ethical responsibility. At the same time, the philosophical dimensions of these movements, particularly the interrelation of psychological, cultural, and religious dimensions in the formation of ecological consciousness, remain insufficiently studied. The aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to analyse the philosophical dimension of the ideological foundations of public environmental movements in the context of their integration into civic initiatives. The tasks are: (1) to reveal the philosophical foundations of contemporary environmental movements through anthropocentric and ecocentric approaches and the ethics of responsibility; (2) to analyse the psychological, cultural, and religious dimensions of ecological consciousness; (3) to substantiate a three-dimensional model for understanding the ideological foundations of environmental movements. Research methods. The methodological basis of the study includes systemic and dialectical approaches, philosophical hermeneutics, ethical reflection, and comparative analysis of key concepts of ecological philosophy. Research results. The study demonstrates that the ideological foundations of environmental movements are based on the critique of anthropocentrism (Heidegger, Næss, Leopold), the concept of intergenerational responsibility (Jonas), and the integration of ecological consciousness with principles of social justice (Dobson). The psychological dimension is connected with ecological identity and empathy toward nature. The cultural dimension includes symbolic systems, collective memory, and cultural practices that shape ecological values. The religious dimension integrates spiritual traditions recognising the sacredness of nature, including Christian ecological theology and Eastern philosophical traditions. Their interaction forms a multidimensional system of ecological consciousness combining ethical, cultural, and spiritual components. Discussion. The proposed model complements existing philosophical approaches by explaining the mechanisms through which ecological values become embedded in individual and collective consciousness. While ecocentric theories primarily focus on the normative status of nature, the proposed model demonstrates how psychological, cultural, and religious dimensions interact in shaping ecological worldviews and sustaining environmental movements. Particular significance is attached to the concept of antheism as an ethical paradigm of planetary responsibility connected with Ukrainian cultural tradition. Conclusions. The philosophical analysis confirms that the ideological foundations of public environmental movements constitute a multidimensional value system integrating ecological ethics, spirituality, and social responsibility. The proposed three-dimensional model demonstrates that ecological movements achieve greater sustainability when psychological motivation, cultural identity, and spiritual values function in an interconnected way. Ecological consciousness combined with the ethics of responsibility becomes an important factor in the transformation of social values and practices in response to the global ecological crisis.

FORMATION OF CULTURAL IDENTITY IN THE PROCESSES OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION

2026-05-24T21:15:09+03:00

Introduction. Cultural identity is a dynamic socio-cultural process and an important subject of interdisciplinary research. In the broadest sense, identity means an individual’s awareness of belonging to a particular community, which enables self-determination within the contemporary socio-cultural space. The aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to provide a socio-philosophical analysis of cultural identity formation in the processes of social communication and to clarify the role of new technologies in transforming the interaction between the individual and the contemporary cultural space. The tasks are to investigate the mechanisms of cultural identity formation, analyze the evolution of ideas about cultural identity, determine its peculiarities in the information society, and clarify its role in personal self-identification. Research methods. The methodological basis of the study includes systemic and dialectical approaches. The systemic approach makes it possible to analyze the influence of new forms of social communication, population mobility, and cultural boundary crossing on personal cultural identification. The dialectical approach reveals the contradictory interaction between traditions and global transformations, between preserving one’s own culture and openness to other cultures. Research results. It is substantiated that social communications are one of the main mechanisms of cultural identity formation, since they ensure the emotional and value-based connection between the individual and the cultural community. Cultural identification influences the formation of worldview orientations, moral values, language practices, and models of social behavior. Discussion. In the context of globalization, cultural identity is formed not only at the rational level but also through symbolic and sacral dimensions. Traditions, moral values, and religious representations constitute a relatively stable cultural core that influences the life world of a cultural community and the processes of identity formation. Conclusions. Cultural identity is formed through the dialectical interaction between the individual worldview and the cultural community, whose traditions, customs, and values gradually become part of personal worldview orientations. Social communications play a crucial role in this process by coordinating personal value orientations with the values of the cultural community.

TRANSFORMATION OF THE HUMANITARIAN COMPONENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PROCESSES

2026-05-24T21:41:59+03:00

Introduction. Contemporary higher education develops under the influence of technocratic and market-oriented approaches. This is especially evident in technical universities, where the humanitarian component is often treated as secondary to professional training. At the same time, the information society requires specialists capable of understanding the social, cultural, and ethical consequences of technological development. The aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to identify the peculiarities of the transformation of the humanitarian component of higher education. The tasks are to analyze the main educational traditions, determine the levels of transformation of humanitarian education, and substantiate the need for a balanced educational model. Research methods. The study applies socio-philosophical, historical-philosophical, systemic, and comparative approaches to the analysis of educational transformations. Research results. It is shown that the transformation of the humanitarian component takes place at institutional, content-related, and personal-competence levels. At the institutional level, humanitarian disciplines increasingly depend on professional specialization and labor market demands. At the content-related level, humanitarian education shifts from the transmission of cultural traditions toward the development of information culture, critical thinking, and the ability to analyze the sociocultural consequences of scientific and technological development. At the personal-competence level, it contributes to value reflection, communicative culture, social responsibility, and independent thinking. Discussion. The analysis demonstrates that modern debates on higher education reform concern the correlation between humanistic and utilitarian-pragmatic educational traditions. The key issue is not the rejection of one tradition in favor of another, but their productive combination within a new educational paradigm. Conclusions. Humanitarian education in technical universities should be regarded not as an auxiliary element, but as an essential component of holistic professional training. In the information society, it becomes an important condition for preparing socially responsible specialists capable of understanding the implications of technological development.

WAR AS AN EXISTENTIAL CHALLENGE AND ACCELERATOR OF THE POSTHUMANISTIC TURN IN MODERN CULTURE

2026-05-24T21:55:54+03:00

Introduction. The contemporary era is defined by events with profound historical impact. The war in Ukraine is a radical challenge, dismantling humanist hierarchies and confronting individuals with ontological nothingness. Philosophy shifts from theory to a vital instrument for navigating moral dilemmas. Aim and tasks. The study analyzes war as a factor that intensifies posthumanist transformations. The tasks are: to explore war as a «limit situation» prompting reassessment of subjectivity; to examine how AI and algorithmic control threaten individual responsibility under information aggression; to identify the specifics of the posthumanist turn as it occurs in real conflict zones rather than in conditions of technological peace; to substantiate information hygiene and network solidarity as practical forms of posthumanist responsibility. Methodology. The framework integrates existential-phenomenological analysis and critical posthumanism to examine war as an event reshaping subjectivity. Hermeneutical methods provide interpretations of responsibility in hybrid information warfare. Comparative analysis contrasts classical humanist models with posthumanist subjectivity. Results. Under conditions of armed conflict, the boundary between the human, her smartphone, and her weapon becomes almost ephemeral — this is the defining feature of the posthumanist transition as accelerated by war. Algorithmic systems and AI pose a threat to the very capacity for free judgment, making information hygiene an existential rather than merely technical practice. Discussion. Unlike Braidotti and Hayles, who theorized posthumanism in conditions of technological stability, Ukrainian wartime experience shows that the posthumanist transition can be forced, rapid, and existentially threatening. The paradox of digital inclusion — simultaneous connection and atomization — is central to this experience. Conclusions. War accelerates posthumanist transition differently from peaceful technological development: the integration is forced, immediate, and bound to existential threat. AI in conditions of information warfare becomes an active agent capable of undermining free judgment, making information hygiene an existential practice. Posthumanism in the context of armed conflict does not mean the abandonment of humanity; rather, the awareness of interdependence that emerges through shared danger becomes the foundation of a new ethics of solidarity and responsibility.

EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AS AN AXIOLOGICAL, NORMATIVE, AND PHILOSOPHICAL-EDUCATIONAL MODEL WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

2026-05-24T22:53:42+03:00

Introduction. The article examines the problem that the normative consolidation of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is insufficient for its effective implementation. Without philosophical clarification of the concepts of development, rationality, nature, and education, ESD risks remaining declarative while economic growth continues to dominate social and ecological dimensions. The aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to substantiate that ESD functions within the structure of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as an axiological, normative, and philosophical-educational model necessary for integrating the social, ecological, and economic dimensions of sustainability. The tasks include analysing critiques of anthropocentrism, instrumental reason, and economic reductionism; clarifying the concept of development in ESD; examining conditions for integrating the three sustainability dimensions; and substantiating the pedagogical implementation of ESD through value-competency and whole-institution approaches. Research methods. The study applies philosophical-educational analysis combining comparative-analytical, hermeneutic, systemic, and critical-conceptual approaches. Research results. The philosophical foundations of ESD are revealed through the critique of anthropocentrism, instrumental reason, and economic reductionism. Development is interpreted not as one-dimensional economic growth but as an axiologically oriented process. The analysis demonstrates that formally integrative educational models may preserve economic reductionism without reconsidering dominant rationality. The study also shows that competency-based ESD approaches require deliberate pedagogical formation of value-oriented and reflective dimensions. Discussion. A tension is identified between UNESCO normative approaches focused on measurable competencies and philosophical-educational approaches oriented toward the transformation of rationality and values. These approaches are complementary rather than identical. Conclusions. ESD is substantiated as a constitutive element of the SDGs structure rather than an auxiliary educational instrument. It functions as a mechanism of axiological and reflective transformation through which sustainable development becomes a practical educational and social process.

CRYPTOACTIVISM AS A FORM OF CIVIC RESISTANCE: PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE

2026-05-24T23:38:18+03:00

Introduction. Cryptoactivism has become a new form of civic resistance based on decentralized digital technologies and cryptocurrencies. In the context of Russia’s war against Ukraine, blockchain technologies acquired particular importance as instruments of rapid financial support, solidarity, and resistance under conditions of institutional vulnerability and censorship. Despite growing public interest, the philosophical dimension of cryptoactivism remains insufficiently researched: Ukrainian scholarship focuses predominantly on legal and economic aspects, while foreign philosophical thought addresses related issues through the prism of the rule of code, critique of centralized platforms, or cypherpunk ideology. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to reveal the philosophical specificity and significance of cryptoactivism as a form of civic resistance in the Ukrainian context. The tasks are: (1) to clarify the conceptual apparatus of cryptoactivism; (2) to trace the genealogy of decentralized exchange as its foundation; (3) to analyze the cypherpunk manifesto as the primary source of cryptoactivist philosophy; (4) to compare global cases of cryptoactivism with the Ukrainian experience of 2022; (5) to conceptualize cryptoactivism as a new form of transnational civic subjectivity. Research methods. The study applies an interdisciplinary approach combining political philosophy, hermeneutic and comparative analysis, and case-study method. Scientific novelty. The novelty lies in the philosophical conceptualization of cryptoactivism as a form of ‘horizontal’ civic resistance that dismantles the state’s monopoly on ‘financial violence’ and constitutes a new form of transnational subjectivity. The conceptual framework draws on De Filippi and Wright’s concept of lex cryptographica, extending it to include the moral-existential dimension that emerges in conditions of armed conflict. Research results. The article demonstrates that cryptoactivism evolved from a tool of digital privacy protection into a mechanism of global civic interaction and resistance. The Ukrainian experience of 2022 showed that cryptocurrencies can function as decentralized channels of financial support independent of traditional banking systems. Discussion. The article compares cryptoactivism cases in Ukraine, WikiLeaks, Hong Kong, and Nigeria, confirming the global pattern of blockchain as a ‘parallel circulatory system of resistance.’ While Gladstein’s interpretation of Bitcoin as ‘freedom money’ is confirmed, Srnicek’s critique of platform monopolism and Brunton’s analysis of the paradox inherent in cypherpunk tradition serve as necessary correctives: the same technologies that enable emancipation may, in the absence of regulation, become tools of abuse. This internal paradox does not negate the emancipatory potential of cryptoactivism but complicates it. Conclusions. Cryptoactivism has transformed into an important form of civic resistance in the digital age. The experience of Ukraine confirms that decentralized technologies can become effective instruments of solidarity and social coordination in conditions of war. At the same time, the growing influence of crypto-assets requires further philosophical and ethical reflection concerning the balance between freedom, privacy, security, and risk.

RELIGIOUS AXIOLOGY IN WARTIME THROUGH THE PRISM OF ORTHODOX ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE EUROPEAN VALUE SPACE

2026-05-25T09:00:06+03:00

Introduction. The article examines religious axiology in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war through the prism of Orthodox anthropology and the European value space. Particular attention is paid to human dignity, freedom, solidarity, responsibility, and the role of religious media in wartime. The aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to analyze religious axiology in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war through Orthodox anthropology and European values. The tasks are to identify the core values of Orthodox anthropology, clarify the normative foundations of the European value order, determine the points of convergence and tension between them, and analyze the role of religious media and digital communication in the circulation of values. Research methods. The research combines axiological, comparative, hermeneutic, and discourse-analytical approaches. Theological, philosophical, legal, and media texts are analyzed in correlation with contemporary studies on war, religion, and digital communication. Research results. The study demonstrates that Orthodox anthropology interprets the human being as the image and likeness of God and therefore as a bearer of dignity, freedom, and responsibility. War appears not only as a political conflict but also as an anthropological crisis affecting the foundations of human coexistence. At the same time, the European value space reveals substantial convergence with the Orthodox personalist understanding of the person, although these values are expressed primarily in legal and political language. The analysis also shows that religious values are increasingly mediated through religious media and digital communication. Discussion. The main tension between Orthodox and European axiologies concerns not the values themselves, but the modes of their justification and social legitimation. In the Ukrainian wartime context, this tension is intensified by competing religious and political narratives. Conclusions. Religious axiology in wartime acquires theological, social, and communicative significance. Religious values become socially constructive when they support human dignity, freedom, solidarity, and responsibility.

OMNICIDE AS AN IDEA AND RUSSIA'S "SUPER-TASK" IN THE WAR AGAINST UKRAINE: A PHILOSOPHICAL VISION

2026-05-20T09:29:18+03:00

Introduction. The article attempts to philosophically analyze the Russian Federation’s war against Ukraine through the concept of “omnicide” (destruction of everything), as well as raising the question of the possibility of considering omnicide as an idea and “super-task” of Russia in this war. The aim and tasks. The aim of the article is a philosophical vision of omnicide and its components as an idea and a primary task of Russia in the war against Ukraine. Research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article consists of philosophical and general scientific research methods: the phenomenological method, the comparative method, etymological analysis makes it possible to clarify the genesis of the terms omnicide, ecocide, urbicide and others. The semantic method helps clarify the relationship between a specific concept (word) and what it symbolizes in a specific context. Research results. The article analyzes how various forms of destruction, in particular ecocide, urbicide, linguicide and culturicide, are manifested in modern war, and justifies the possibility of considering them as interconnected manifestations of a destructive process. It is shown that such practices go beyond the achievement of specific military-political goals and can be interpreted as those aimed at undermining the natural, social and cultural conditions of existence. In this context, the concept of “omnicide” allows us to more broadly outline the nature of the Russian Federation’s military aggression as a complex and multidimensional process of “destruction of everything” on the territory of Ukraine. Discussion. The problems of war and related processes and phenomena were addressed in the works of domestic and foreign scholars. The problem of omnicide and its components, in particular, urbicide in relation to the settlements of the Kherson region, was reflected in the previous publications of one of the authors. Conclusions. It is concluded that the concept of “omnicide,” understood as the practice of total destruction of nature and the socio-cultural environment, in combination with the idea of Russia’s “overarching task” in the war against Ukraine, opens a fundamentally new dimension for the philosophical understanding of military aggression. This perspective enables a reinterpretation of military aggression in its contemporary form.

TECHNO-EPISTEMOLOGY IN CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE: CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF NEW MEDIA

2026-05-23T10:01:52+03:00

Introduction. The digital era is marked by radical transformations in the means of knowledge production and dissemination, driven by the pervasive application of digital platforms, algorithmic systems, and artificial intelligence technologies. In this context, new media emerge as large-scale databases where information is generated and processed in real time for entire populations rather than selected samples. These shifts alter the very architecture of knowledge, creating a hybrid informational environment in which traditional criteria of truth and justification become increasingly ineffective. These transformations are directly related to the broader questions addressed in contemporary philosophy of data and information concerning the ontological status of data and the conditions for their conversion into knowledge under digitalization. The aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to substantiate techno-epistemology as a conceptual framework for the philosophical analysis of new media under conditions of digital transformation. The tasks are: to clarify the content of the concept of «techno-epistemology» and its theoretical origins in the philosophy of technology and philosophy of science; to systematize leading approaches to technological knowledge – from Carl Mitcham’s fourfold typology to Ori Freiman’s concept of techno-trust and Marek Hetmański’s technologised epistemology; to determine the specific role of new media as constitutive factors of cognitive processes; and to analyse algorithmic selection, platformisation of content, and cyclic knowledge order as defining features of the contemporary media environment. Research methods. The study employs comparative analysis of competing epistemological concepts and an interdisciplinary synthesis drawing on philosophy of science, philosophy of technology, media studies, and social epistemology. Research results. Techno-epistemology is established as an independent direction within contemporary philosophy of science that integrates individual, social, and technological dimensions of cognition, replacing the classical justification–truth–belief triad. Technological knowledge is distinguished from scientific knowledge by a normative component evaluated not by truth but by effectiveness. New media are shown to function as constitutive factors of cognitive processes that construct, rather than reflect, media reality through algorithmic selection, personalised news feeds, and generated content. The connection between techno-epistemological analysis of new media and the philosophy of data and information is outlined as a productive direction for further research. Conclusions. Techno-epistemology is establishing itself as an independent branch of contemporary philosophy of science, integrating the individual, social, and technological dimensions of cognition, while new media act not as neutral channels but as agents in the construction of knowledge through algorithmic and platform-based mechanisms. At the same time, digital transformation drives a shift toward a process-oriented, open nature of knowledge and necessitates the development of new methodological approaches to analysing the interaction between technologies, media, and audiences, where techno-epistemology can perform a reflective function.

PUBLIC SPHERE OF POLITICS: PHILOSOPHICAL CONNOTATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL SOCIETY

2026-05-25T08:06:46+03:00

Introduction. The article examines the public sphere of politics under the conditions of the digitalization of contemporary society. The relevance of the study is determined by the growing influence of platform communication, viral and affective content, algorithmic mediation, and new forms of networked public and political participation on democratic publicity. The aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to clarify the content of the philosophical connotations of the public sphere of politics. The task is to reveal how political publicity and public argumentation change in digital communicative environments. Research methods. The methodological basis of the study combines phenomenological analysis, a dialectical approach, and elements of systemic analysis. These methods make it possible to consider the transition from classical forms of public discussion to platform-mediated political communication. Research results. It is shown that digital mass media transform the classical structural dimension of the public sphere and increasingly act as autonomous agents in the construction of meanings and hyperreality. The public sphere of politics is interpreted as a nonlinear networked space in which political discourse, communication, conceptualization, and argumentation interact under changing procedural conditions. Special attention is paid to the relationship between publicity and privacy in the era of data capitalism, as well as to the influence of algorithmic governance on democratic participation. Discussion. The results are discussed in relation to deliberative democratic theory, postmodern criticism of consensus, and the problem of fragmentation of public communication. It is emphasized that the digital public sphere is shaped by instability, competition for attention, and the tension between rational argumentation and affective mobilization. Conclusions. The article concludes that philosophical analysis of the public sphere of politics is increasingly important for understanding the transformation of democratic communication in digital society.

EPISTEMIC ARCHITECTURE OF SECURITY: PHILOSOPHICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR RESEARCHING INFORMATION AND COGNITIVE SECURITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF CYBER-SOCIETY

2026-05-23T13:51:09+03:00

Introduction. The question of what exactly is being protected in information security has ceased to be purely rhetorical. Russia's full-scale aggression against Ukraine demonstrated that the most vulnerable object of attack is not infrastructure, but society's ability to distinguish real from constructed. This article develops the concept of structural correlation of rationalities proposed in a preceding study (Khrystokin, Verkhovtseva, and Slyusar 2025). The aim and tasks. The article aims to substantiate the concept of epistemic architecture of security as a philosophical and methodological framework for analysing information and cognitive security in cyber society and to show how artificial intelligence transforms threats to this architecture. Research methods. The study draws on Stepin's typology of scientific rationality, Longino's social epistemology, Habermas's theory of communicative action, as well as Foucault's concept of regimes of truth, Floridi's concept of the infosphere, and Gillespie's analysis of platform architectures as epistemic actors. Research results. The epistemic architecture of security is a four-pole structure whose dimensions – verificational, communicative, narrative, and identificational – stand in a necessary mutual dependency. The verificational dimension addresses the establishment of facts. The communicative dimension concerns the architecture of information flows and their distribution across audiences. The narrative dimension governs the interpretation of events. The identificational dimension encompasses cognitive biases and identity processes that enable manipulation. Artificial intelligence is analysed as an actor that attacks all four dimensions simultaneously. The concept of epistemic resilience is introduced as the society's capacity to restore the integrity of this architecture after an attack. Conclusions. Epistemic resilience is a systemic property of the interaction between institutions, social practices, and individual skills. The concept of epistemic architecture of security develops the structural correlation of rationalities proposed in the preceding study, transferring it from the level of scientific cognition to the level of public cognition and providing both a diagnosis of vulnerability and a criterion for its restoration.

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF EXISTENTIAL THEOLOGY IN A HISTORIOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE

2026-05-23T14:52:32+03:00

Introduction. The article examines the correlation and mutual influence of Christian theology and existentialism in the context of the formation and development of existential theology. Although existentialism has long been studied in both religious and atheistic forms, its methodological and ideological interaction with Christian theology, especially in post-existentialist thought, remains insufficiently explored. The aim and tasks. The aim of this investigation is to analyze the specifics of the correlation and mutual influence of Christian theology and existentialism. The tasks are to scrupulously cover a wide range of both foreign and Ukrainian sources devoted to the study of the works of representatives of existential theology, primarily Howard Alexander Slaatte and Merold Westphal. Research methods. The research methodology consists of systemic, historical, dialectical and analytical approaches, which allowed us to objectively analyze and interpret the multifaceted processes of integration of existentialism with theology. Due to the use of comparative, hermeneutic and contextualization methods, we managed to compare, contrast and synthesize diverse ideas, views and assessments of researchers of the heritage of outstanding theologians, who are little known in Ukraine. Research results. The study shows that existential theology develops as a specific form of interaction between existentialist philosophy and Christian theological thought. Howard Alexander Slaatte represents this development through eschatological-existential dialectics and the Kierkegaardian-Berdyaevian tradition, while Merold Westphal demonstrates a movement from existential phenomenology toward hermeneutical phenomenology. Discussion. The discussion clarifies the methodological problem of classifying Slaatte and Westphal as existential or post-existentialist thinkers. Their works demonstrate that existentialist, phenomenological, and hermeneutical approaches can be integrated into Christian theological thought. Conclusions. Numerous foreign studies confirm a rather obvious arbitrariness in the definition and classification of the main postulates of religious philosophers and theologians, both existentialists and existential thinkers, which indicates the presence of methodological contradictions in the assessment of the phenomenon of classical existentialism in general and existential theology in particular.

EGALITARIANISM AS A PROBLEM OF SOCIAL JUSTICE IN CONDITIONS OF WAR

2026-05-23T16:22:39+03:00

Introduction. The problem of social justice acquires particular significance under conditions of war, which transform not only political institutions and mechanisms of resource distribution, but also the normative conditions of justice itself. Contemporary egalitarian theories increasingly take into account vulnerability, dependency, contextual asymmetry, and unequal conditions of social existence. However, war radicalizes these asymmetries and raises the question of the limits of moral equality under conditions of collective survival. The aim and tasks of the study are to provide a philosophical analysis of the transformation of egalitarian justice in wartime society and to examine the tension between the principle of universal moral equality and structurally asymmetrical conditions of war. Research methods. The study combines historical-philosophical, comparative, hermeneutic, and normative-analytical approaches. Research results. It is demonstrated that classical egalitarian theories were predominantly formed within a symmetrical model of society based on institutional stability and universal social cooperation between formally equal subjects. Contemporary egalitarianism substantially revises these assumptions by focusing on vulnerability, relational dependency, and contextual asymmetry. At the same time, war transforms asymmetry into a structural principle of social organization. Particular attention is devoted to the concept of functional inequality, understood as an asymmetrical distribution of risks, obligations, access to protection, and social vulnerability arising from the necessity of maintaining collective survival in wartime society. The study also shows that war produces not only distributive inequality, but also asymmetry of political visibility, recognizability, and grievability of human life. Discussion. The proposed interpretation develops contemporary discussions on vulnerability, relational egalitarianism, just war theory, and the state of exception, while shifting attention toward the mechanisms through which wartime society distributes risks and moral recognition between different social groups. Conclusions. The study concludes that justice under wartime conditions cannot be reduced to the elimination of all asymmetry. The principle of moral equality does not disappear; however, it increasingly functions as a critical normative principle limiting permissible forms of wartime differentiation, domination, and dehumanization.

LIMITS OF THE POSTMODERN UNDERSTANDING OF IDENTITY

2026-05-23T16:36:31+03:00

Introduction. Postmodern philosophy has redefined identity by deconstructing the centered subject, criticizing metanarratives, and rejecting ontological stability. These approaches provide tools for describing the fragmentation, fluidity, and contextual character of contemporary identity. However, the consistent implementation of this critical logic reveals a theoretical tension within postmodern thought itself. The aim of the article is to outline the limits of postmodern reflection on identity and to reveal the internal tension between the deconstruction of stable subjectivity and the observable continuity of the subject over time. The tasks include analyzing key postmodern strategies of problematizing identity, identifying their explanatory limits, and clarifying the conditions under which identity may persist without a fixed center. Research methods. The study is based on historical-philosophical and comparative analysis, as well as conceptual reconstruction. Research results. It is shown that postmodern approaches to identity successfully reveal the historical and conceptual limitations of the centered model of the subject, but do not fully explain the mechanisms of the subject’s temporal coherence. The analysis demonstrates that identity does not disappear under conditions of decentration but acquires a different mode of existence, characterized by continuity without a fixed center. In this way, the study identifies the internal analytical limit of postmodern thought in addressing the problem of identity. Discussion. The article provides a critical analysis of postmodern concepts of identity and interpretations of the subject’s continuity. It is shown that approaches focused on the deconstruction of the centered model of the “self” convincingly demonstrate the historical limitations of metaphysical stability, yet do not fully explain the mechanisms of the subject’s temporal coherence. This analysis allows for a refinement of the hypothesis that postmodernism does not abolish identity but rather shifts it into a different mode of existence. Conclusions. It is concluded that identity in conditions of deconstruction should not be understood as a return to metaphysical stability but as a mode of existence without a center. The problem shifts from restoring unity to conceptualizing continuity and responsibility under conditions of radical decentration. Thus, the limits of postmodern thought open new perspectives for reflection on identity.

FROM OLD TO NEW POLITICAL THEOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IDEAS OF CARL SCHMITT AND CARL RASCHKE

2026-05-24T18:13:51+03:00

Introduction. Contemporary political philosophy increasingly demonstrates that secular political institutions continue to reproduce theological structures in transformed forms. In the context of the crisis of liberal democracy, the erosion of traditional institutions, and the return of religious narratives into the public sphere, political theology once again becomes an important analytical framework for understanding sovereignty, power, and global conflict. The aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to investigate the transformation of political theology from Carl Schmitt’s classical state-centered model to Karl Raschke’s postmodern and critical reinterpretation. The objectives of the study are to analyze Schmitt’s concept of the secularization of theological categories, to examine Raschke’s “new political theology” in the context of neoliberalism and postmodernity, and to compare their interpretations of sovereignty, political conflict, and the crisis of liberal order. Research methods. The methodological basis of the research combines comparative, hermeneutic, and structural approaches. The comparative method is used to identify conceptual similarities and differences between Schmitt’s and Raschke’s models of political theology. Hermeneutic analysis is applied to the interpretation of primary philosophical and theological texts, while the structural approach allows the reconstruction of the transformation of political-theological concepts in different historical contexts. Research results. The article demonstrates that Carl Schmitt interprets political theology as a system of secularized theological concepts legitimizing state sovereignty and legal order. His theory is grounded in the concepts of the sovereign decision, the state of exception, and the “friend-enemy” distinction. Karl Raschke, by contrast, reformulates political theology within the framework of postmodern critical theory and cultural semiotics. He shifts attention from institutional sovereignty toward dispersed forms of power, crisis of representation, identity conflicts, neoliberal governance, and the return of the sacred through transnational ideological movements. The study establishes that Schmitt’s model remains closely connected with the logic of the nation-state and conservative legal order, whereas Raschke’s approach reflects the fragmented and networked realities of the contemporary global world. Discussion. The comparative analysis reveals both continuity and rupture between “old” and “new” political theology. While Schmitt conceptualizes political order through centralized sovereignty and exceptional decision-making, Raschke emphasizes the instability of contemporary political identities and the transformation of political conflict under neoliberalism and postmodernity. Conclusions. It is concluded that political theology has not disappeared under conditions of secularization but has undergone substantial transformation.

POLITICAL EPISTEMOLOGY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY: COMMUNICATIVE TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE UKRAINIAN CONTEXT

2026-05-23T17:02:14+03:00

Introduction. Political epistemology remains one of the least systematized philosophical sub-disciplines despite the rapid development of research on epistemic injustice, post-truth, and communicative transformations over the past twenty-five years. At the same time, contemporary political crises, information wars, and algorithmically mediated communication significantly transform the problem field of political epistemology. The aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to reconstruct the development of political epistemology at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries by identifying the main generations of research and determining the contribution of Ukrainian philosophical thought to the contemporary stage of this discipline. Research methods. The methodological basis combines normative, critical-analytical, and post-normative approaches to the philosophical analysis of communicative processes. The study employs historical-philosophical reconstruction, comparative analysis, and conceptual analysis of contemporary theories of political communication and social epistemology. Research results. Three generations of political epistemology are identified. The first generation focuses on epistemic injustice and mechanisms of exclusion from epistemic communities. The second generation shifts attention to the institutional conditions of democratic knowledge production and political communication. The third generation emerges in response to information wars, the crisis of trust, and algorithmically mediated communication and may be characterized as “defensive political epistemology.” The study analyzes the existential crisis of communicative practices, the concept of controlled chaos as a mechanism of radical social construction, the neoliberal transformation of democratic institutions, and the phenomenon of demodernization. The concept of “epistemic fatigue” is proposed to describe the systematic erosion of motivation for cognitive activity under conditions of persistent informational and ontological pressure. Discussion. The analysis demonstrates a gradual expansion of the research object in political epistemology: from interpersonal epistemic relations to institutional conditions of knowledge production and further to the architecture of the contemporary information environment. Particular importance is attributed to the integration of political communication into epistemological analysis. Conclusions. Political epistemology has evolved from a marginal field into one of the central directions of contemporary philosophical reflection on communication and power. Under current conditions, the key issue becomes not only the achievement of truth but also the preservation of the conditions under which truth remains possible. Ukrainian philosophical concepts of communicative sovereignty and epistemic security architecture expand the analytical potential of contemporary political epistemology.

TRANSFORMATIONS OF IDENTITY AND SUBJECTIVITY IN SYMBOLIC PRACTICES OF RESISTANCE UNDER CONDITIONS OF WAR: A PHILOSOPHICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF THE INTERNAL FAMILY SYSTEMS MODEL

2026-05-23T17:36:44+03:00

Introduction. The article examines the problem of identity and subjectivity under conditions of war through the conceptual framework of the Internal Family Systems (IFS) model. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of subjectivity under conditions of existential threat and symbolic violence, as well as to practices of resistance as mechanisms of psychological regulation and cultural resilience. The aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to provide a philosophical and psychological analysis of transformations of identity and subjectivity within symbolic practices of resistance under conditions of war through the lens of the IFS model. The tasks include analyzing the theoretical potential of the IFS model for interpreting traumatic experience and Self-leadership, examining symbolic practices of resistance as mechanisms supporting individual and collective subjectivity, and conceptualizing “unburdening” as a process of releasing traumatic meanings at personal and cultural levels. Research methods. The methodological framework combines phenomenological analysis, critical social philosophy, and systemic psychotherapy approaches. Practices of resistance are interpreted as symbolic and psychological processes of unburdening associated with the release of burdensome beliefs, emotions, and traumatic meanings that no longer correspond to changing reality. Research results. The study demonstrates that symbolic practices of resistance (linguistic, ritual, and visual) function not only as forms of social expression but also as mechanisms of collective processing of traumatic experience and preservation of collective subjectivity. The analysis shows that the IFS model provides a productive interpretive framework for understanding processes of self-regulation, differentiation, and integration under conditions of war and collective trauma. Discussion. The article conceptualizes the notion of “symbolic unburdening of culture” as a philosophical interpretation of resistance practices aimed at separating collective identity from imposed traumatic meanings. The analysis draws on Agamben’s concept of “bare life,” Butler’s understanding of vulnerability and grievability, and Habermas’s concept of post-conventional identity to interpret symbolic resistance as a process of re-subjectification. Conclusions. The proposed philosophical and psychological perspective expands contemporary interpretations of subjectivity, resilience, and identity transformation under conditions of war and collective trauma. The integration of phenomenological reflection with systemic psychotherapy approaches creates a conceptual basis for further interdisciplinary studies of identity and collective resilience

AEROSPACE MODELLING: A KINESTHETIC MODE OF HUMAN INTERACTION IN HOMO AEROSPACE

2026-05-23T21:49:51+03:00

This paper explores aerospace modelling as a specific mode of human interaction with the technical environment within the concept of Homo Aerospace. It is argued that modelling extends beyond an engineering procedure and functions as a kinesthetically mediated form of interaction that integrates bodily experience, cognition, and cultural practice. The study identifies three analytical perspectives of modelling: ontological-cognitive, bodily-existential, and cultural-communicative. It is shown that through modelling, the bodily-technical subjectivity of Homo Aerospace is formed under conditions of human integration with technical systems. The study concludes that aerospace modelling represents a distinctive way of human engagement with technical reality and opens new perspectives for understanding the transformation of human existence.

HUMAN VULNERABILITY IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTEMPORARY WAR AND THE CRISIS OF NORMATIVE ORDER

2026-05-24T13:25:21+03:00

Introduction. The article examines human vulnerability in the context of contemporary war and the crisis of normative order from a socio-philosophical perspective. Particular attention is given to how war not only produces new threats but also intensifies pre-existing forms of socially conditioned insecurity. The aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to clarify the socio-philosophical meaning of human vulnerability under contemporary wartime conditions. The tasks are to analyse vulnerability as an anthropological condition of human existence, to reveal its connection with socially produced insecurity and precarity, and to determine its significance for understanding the crisis of normative order. Research methods. The study employs socio-philosophical, critical-hermeneutic, and normative-analytical approaches. These methods make it possible to interpret vulnerability through the categories of dependence, freedom, recognition, insecurity, institutional protection, and to relate the lived experience of vulnerability to the limits of legal and political normativity. Research results. It is shown that vulnerability should be understood both as a universal condition of embodied and dependent human existence and as unevenly distributed across social contexts. The analysis distinguishes between precarity as an unevenly distributed condition of insecurity and precarization as the socio-historical process through which such insecurity is produced and normalized. War is interpreted as a factor that radicalizes already existing insecurity and exposes the gap between the formal language of rights and the actual selectivity of protection. Discussion. The analysis demonstrates that vulnerability cannot be reduced either to abstract human fragility or to the immediate consequences of military violence alone. Its heuristic value lies in connecting anthropological dependence, social precarity, and the asymmetrical functioning of contemporary normative institutions. Conclusions. The article concludes that human vulnerability in wartime reveals the contradiction between universalist claims of protection and their unequal implementation. In this sense, vulnerability becomes an important analytical category for understanding the crisis of normative order and the conditions of protecting human life in present-day society.

JUST WAR: A TELEOLOGICAL APPROACH AND THE STRATEGIC CONSIDERATIONS OF CARL VON CLAUSEWITZ

2026-05-23T22:48:38+03:00

Introduction. The article examines the possibility of integrating Carl von Clausewitz’s teleological conception of war with the normative principles of just war theory under the conditions of contemporary hybrid warfare. Particular attention is paid to information aggression and to the ethical challenges arising from informational influence on civilian populations. The aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to develop a teleological approach to just war theory by synthesizing Clausewitz’s strategic conception of war with the doctrines of jus ad bellum, jus in bello, and jus post bellum. The tasks include clarifying the teleological foundations of war in Clausewitz’s philosophy, analysing the ethical criteria of just war theory in relation to hybrid warfare, and determining the moral and legal limits of informational and cognitive influence in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian war. Research methods include philosophical analysis, comparative analysis of classical and contemporary theories of war, elements of international humanitarian law analysis, and case-oriented examination of informational aggression within hybrid conflict. Research results. The study demonstrates that Clausewitz’s conception of war as the continuation of politics by other means provides a teleological basis for evaluating the legitimacy, proportionality, and political purpose of military actions. The integration of strategic teleology with just war theory extends ethical analysis to informational and cognitive dimensions of warfare. The proposed approach establishes criteria for distinguishing legitimate defensive informational actions from aggressive disinformation practices, including proportionality, political legitimacy, verifiability of information, and responsibility for civilian harm caused by manipulative informational influence. The risks of AI-mediated information warfare are also outlined. Discussion. The results indicate that hybrid warfare transforms the classical boundaries between military and non-military forms of conflict. Compared with traditional just war theory, the proposed approach expands ethical analysis toward informational violence and digital forms of aggression. Conclusions. The synthesis of Clausewitzian teleology and just war theory provides a productive philosophical framework for analysing hybrid warfare in the digital age. The proposed approach makes it possible to interpret informational aggression within broader ethical and political categories of contemporary armed conflict and contributes to the philosophical analysis of defensive actions in informational warfare.

CONCEPTUALIZATION OF PHILANTHROPY IN THE CONTEXT OF ANCIENT POLITICAL SYSTEMS: SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS

2026-05-23T23:09:31+03:00

This article examines the phenomenon of philanthropy in the context of ancient political systems. It analyzes the evolution of forms of governance from monarchy to tyranny with a focus on the mechanisms of social support that existed in antiquity. Special attention is given to the status structure of society, which defined the groups eligible to receive assistance, as well as the motivations that prompted wealthy citizens to engage in public generosity. The role of private initiative, compulsory philanthropy, and state programs is considered as a means of stabilizing social order. The study concludes that philanthropy in the ancient world held ethical, political, and economic significance. It functioned as a tool for legitimizing power, expressing civic virtue, and managing resources within the framework of the polis or empire. At the same time, its application was shaped by a flexible balance between sincerity of intent and political expediency, which ensured the long-term viability of ancient models of charity.

PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE TRANSITIONALITY OF UKRAINIAN SOCIETY UNDER CONDITIONS OF ARMED CONFLICT

2026-05-24T14:07:20+03:00

Introduction. The article examines the phenomenon of transitivity in Ukrainian society in the context of armed conflict. The problem is relevant because war radically intensifies transitional processes, transforming them from a latent state of uncertainty into an active factor of social, cultural, and political change. The aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to analyze the specificity of the transit process in wartime and its influence on the dynamics of social change. The tasks are to clarify the meaning of transitivity in the Ukrainian context, to substantiate the idea that war sharpens the experience of transition, and to show how radical crisis may contribute to social transformation. Research methods. The study is based on a phenomenological approach, particularly the ideas of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, which make it possible to analyze changes in bodily, spatial, and temporal experience under the conditions of war. Hermeneutic methodology, cultural analysis, and socio-philosophical interpretation are also used. Research results. The article argues that war does not simply interrupt Ukrainian transitivity but radicalizes it. Armed conflict destroys previous models of stability, changes everyday perceptions of security and space, and intensifies the need for collective self-determination. Ukrainian culture is interpreted as a means of understanding traumatic experience, articulating resistance, and forming new modes of solidarity and political subjectivity. Discussion. The results are compared with interpretations of war as “interrupted transition” and with theories of post-communist transformation. The Ukrainian case shows that radical historical crisis may accelerate political consolidation, although it does not automatically complete all transit processes. The study also questions deterministic views of Ukraine as a “divided state.” Conclusions. The transitivity of Ukrainian society in wartime should be understood as a contradictory process in which trauma, existential threat, and social mobilization coexist. War deepens crisis phenomena but also creates conditions for rethinking collective identity, strengthening civic solidarity, and affirming political subjectivity.